
Montgomery County Stories from the U.S. Colored Troops



The community of Norbeck, in Montgomery County, is centered around the intersection of Georgia Avenue and Norbeck Road, and nearby Muncaster Mill Road. In the late nineteenth century, after the end of slavery, it became home to an African American enclave known as Mt. Pleasant. Like many of the African American communities scattered throughout the county, it was anchored by a church, a school and a fellowship hall. These institutions united the community by answering their critical needs – spiritual, educational, and charitable.
There was another need that was fulfilled in this community – recreation and entertainment. It was a need for freedom to do things for sheer enjoyment away from the scrutiny of White society which excluded them during segregation. According to Allison Claggett, who played for the Sandy Spring Stars in the 1930s and 1940s, “Baseball was the only main activity open to African Americans at that time. You couldn’t play golf. You could caddy, but you had no place to play.” Stanley Snowden, the Mount Pleasant church custodian, said “Baseball was the Black sport. Every boy you saw along the road had a ball glove tied to his belt.”
Read more about Black baseball in Norbeck here:
Mangin, Julianne, “Black Baseball in Norbeck,” The Montgomery County Story, v. 66(1) Spring 2023, p. 10.
https://mchdr.montgomeryhistory.org/items/c7a9980e-dd2a-4208-b320-d31d8d8f47b4
In 1952, Mike Seeger recorded a blues guitarist from Norbeck, Montgomery County, Maryland named Joe Lee. Mike included a tune he learned from him on his album “Early Southern Guitar Sounds.” He called it “Joe Lee’s Tune.” I have been researching the former African American community in Norbeck called Mount Pleasant for several years now. On August 6, 2025, I had the pleasure of meeting Joe Lee’s family and played Mike’s field recording of their grandfather. Last week, I visited Joe Lee’s grave in a cemetery in Aspen Hill and played this recording over it, in his honor.

Just published! Parts 1 and 2 of the history of the Montgomery County Poor Farm and Almshouse.
For nearly 160 years, the Almshouse at the Montgomery County Poor Farm was the last resort for poor people who were unable to take care of themselves due to physical, mental, and developmental disabilities. A look at some of their stories, including how they lived and died, sheds a light on conditions there. Despite the oversight of county officials and the efforts of reformers, the Almshouse was a place where the poor were neglected, abused, and exposed to unsafe conditions until it closed in 1948.
DOWNLOAD PARTS 1 AND 2:
On December 17, 2024, I gave a Zoom presentation on the Montgomery County Poor Farm and its Almshouse for Montgomery History. Almshouses were in some ways a precursor to the state hospitals for the mentally ill. Some of my ancestors were inmates of almshouses (also known as poor houses) in Connecticut and Rhode Island. This is a video of my talk.
It’s been a long time since I’ve posted here. I am still selling my book, Secrets of the Asylum, but I can’t travel to promote it for the foreseeable future, for medical reasons. The short version of what happened is: long car trip > deep vein thrombosis (DVT) > pulmonary embolism (PE). Fortunately, I survived, but am still recovering. I’m thankful for excellent medical care and the support of my loving husband, friends, and family.
Because I’m not on the road selling my book, I am relying on online sales. If you have read it already, and liked it, please tell other people about it. Leaving a review and/or a star rating on Amazon would also help sell the book.
If you haven’t read the book, you may be interested to know that the most frequent comment I get about it is, “I couldn’t put it down.” Maybe that will entice you to give it a try.
Please buy from BookBaby because they give me the best royalties. https://store.bookbaby.com/book/secrets-of-the-asylum
Finally, here’s some unsolicited medical advice: if you are going to be driving or flying for an extended period, wear compression socks! I wish I had.
I gave a book talk for Montgomery History on March 19, 2024. The book is called Secrets of the Asylum: Norwich State Hospital and My Family. Here’s the YouTube video, in case you missed it.
I’d like to thank Montgomery History for hosting this talk and Matt Gagle, director of programs, for all his hard work.
On November 15, 2023, I was fortunate to give a talk on Secrets of the Asylum to a large and appreciative audience at Otis Library in Norwich, Connecticut. Here’s a video of the lecture.
I hope you will take the time to read this review of Secrets of the Asylum published in Severance, an online publication which calls itself “a magazine and community for people who’ve been separated from biological family.”
Severance gives a voice to people who were adopted, or donor conceived, or who found out that one or both of their parents aren’t related to them biologically. In this age of genetic genealogy, more and more people are discovering unexpected things in their family trees, upending their sense of identity. Severance allows people to share how these circumstances have affected them. In addition to validating their emotional truths, the essays in the magazine lend support to others in similar situations. Severance also helps identity seekers by pointing them to resources to help them on their journey to discover the truth about their beginnings.
Although the story I tell in Secrets of the Asylum isn’t typical of those told in Severance, it touches on themes that come up whenever DNA surprises are uncovered: intergenerational trauma and the consequences of family secrets.

Secrets of the Asylum: Norwich State Hospital and My Family was released on October 30, 2023.
Available at:
Retired librarian Julianne Mangin was a reluctant genealogist — at first. But after acquiring her ailing mother’s genealogy files, something drew her into the family history. Maybe it was years of listening to her mother’s cryptic stories of her childhood which featured a delicatessen, a state hospital, a county home for neglected children, and a father who disappeared. Even though Grandpa divorced her mother and never got her out of the county home, Mangin’s mother defended her father’s absence and called him a wonderful father.
At first, all Mangin meant to do was organize her mother’s files so that they could be stored more compactly. But it wasn’t long before she began noticing errors, omissions, and discrepancies in her mother’s research that cast doubt on the family stories. Thus began her transformation from reluctant genealogist to relentless family historian. She acquired her grandmother’s patient record from Norwich State Hospital and the secrets just spilled out. There were four other women in her mother’s family who were patients at state hospitals, three of them at Norwich State Hospital. And there was evidence that Grandpa might not be her mother’s father.
Reading the transcripts of her grandmother’s interviews with hospital staff, Mangin unearthed a dark secret at the heart of her mother’s childhood. Through her research, Mangin uncovered her French Canadian heritage and delved into the history of the care of the mentally ill in the early 20th century. She learned how poverty and mental illness loomed over the family’s fortunes. Using patient records, genealogical methods, and DNA testing, Mangin has pieced together a family story that reads like a Dickens novel. Weaving in what she learned about intergenerational trauma and the consequences of family secrets, Mangin has created a testament to the power of family history to empower people and heal old wounds.